Basic Java CRUD Operations With MongoDB

Basic Java CRUD Operations with MongoDB

In this post I’d like to show how to perform basic CRUD operations against a MongoDB database using the Java driver.

For this post, lets assume that we have a todo database with a collection of todo items. Each item has a task and a priority.

In terms of JSON notation, an example item would look like:

{ 
  "_id" : { "$oid" : "4bffb75121eec88a67ff6ec8"} , 
  "task" : "Write Code" , 
  "priority" : "high"
}

Now that we have defined what we are storing in the database, lets have a look at how we connect to Mongo.

Connection to the database

To connect to a MongoDB database, we would use code similar to that below. In this code you can see that we are connecting to a database called todo and getting the collection called items. In MongoDB if neither of these items exist, they will be automatically created.

Mongo mongo = new Mongo(); 
DB db = mongo.getDB("todo"); 
DBCollection items = db.getCollection("items");

Creating Documents

To add a document to a collection, we use the insert() method of the collection.

BasicDBObject doc1 = new BasicDBObject(); 
doc1.put("task", "Write Code"); 
doc1.put("priority", "high"); 
items.insert(doc1);

Retrieving Documents

To retrieve documents from a collection, we can create a query and then iterate through it with a cursor.

BasicDBObject query = new BasicDBObject(); 
query.put("priority", "highest"); 
DBCursor cursor = items.find(query); 
// Print out "highest" priority items 
while (cursor.hasNext()) { 
    System.out.println(cursor.next()); 
}

This query will find all the objects in the collection that have a priority of highest. If we wanted to get all of the items in the collection, we would create the cursor without a query as shown below.

DBCursor cursor = items.find();

Updating Documents

To update an object, we first have to get the object from the collection then we save it back into the collection.

BasicDBObject findTestItemQuery = new BasicDBObject(); 
findTestItemQuery.put("task", "Test Code"); 
DBCursor testItemsCursor = items.find(findTestItemQuery); 
if(testItemsCursor.hasNext()) { 
    DBObject testCodeItem = testItemsCursor.next(); 
    testCodeItem.put("task", "Test and Review Code"); 
    items.save(testCodeItem); 
}

Deleting Documents

Finally, to delete a document or set of documents, we use the remove method of the collection.

BasicDBObject deleteQuery = new BasicDBObject(); 
deleteQuery.put("priority", "highest"); 
DBCursor cursor = items.find(deleteQuery); 
while (cursor.hasNext()) { 
    DBObject item = cursor.next(); 
    items.remove(item); 
}

This article was originally published at davidsalter.co.uk

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